fdiv

Divide Floating Point

FDIV m32fp/m64fp

Divides dest by src.

Pseudocode Operation

src_value ← load_from_memory(src);
ST(0) ← ST(0) ÷ src_value;
update_x87_status_flags();

Encoding

Binary Layout

ModRM

Format Legacy

Opcode D8 /6

Extension x87 FPU

Operands

src
Memory/Reg

Reference

View in Intel® 64 and IA-32 Architectures SDM ↗ Intel® SDM

Instruction Forms

Opcode	Instruction	64/32-bit Mode	Description
D8 /6	FDIV m32fp	Valid Valid	Divide ST(0) by m32fp and store result in ST(0).
DC /6	FDIV m64fp	Valid Valid	Divide ST(0) by m64fp and store result in ST(0).
D8 F0+i	FDIV ST(0), ST(i)	Valid Valid	Divide ST(0) by ST(i) and store result in ST(0).
DC F8+i	FDIV ST(i), ST(0)	Valid Valid	Divide ST(i) by ST(0) and store result in ST(i).
DE F8+i	FDIVP ST(i), ST(0)	Valid Valid	Divide ST(i) by ST(0), store result in ST(i), and pop the register stack.
DE F9	FDIVP	Valid Valid	Divide ST(1) by ST(0), store result in ST(1), and pop the register stack.
DA /6	FIDIV m32int	Valid Valid	Divide ST(0) by m32int and store result in ST(0).
DE /6	FIDIV m16int	Valid Valid	Divide ST(0) by m16int and store result in ST(0).

Description

Divides the destination operand by the source operand and stores the result in the destination location. The destination operand (dividend) is always in an FPU register; the source operand (divisor) can be a register or a memory location. Source operands in memory can be in single precision or double precision floating-point format, word or doubleword integer format. The no-operand version of the instruction divides the contents of the ST(1) register by the contents of the ST(0) register. The one-operand version divides the contents of the ST(0) register by the contents of a memory location (either a floating-point or an integer value). The two-operand version, divides the contents of the ST(0) register by the contents of the ST(i) register or vice versa. The FDIVP instructions perform the additional operation of popping the FPU register stack after storing the result. To pop the register stack, the processor marks the ST(0) register as empty and increments the stack pointer (TOP) by 1. The no-operand version of the floating-point divide instructions always results in the register stack being popped. In some assemblers, the mnemonic for this instruction is FDIV rather than FDIVP. The FIDIV instructions convert an integer source operand to double extended-precision floating-point format before performing the division. When the source operand is an integer 0, it is treated as a +0. If an unmasked divide-by-zero exception (#Z) is generated, no result is stored; if the exception is masked, an ∞ of the appropriate sign is stored in the destination operand. The following table shows the results obtained when dividing various classes of numbers, assuming that neither overflow nor underflow occurs.

Table 3-26. FDIV/FDIVP/FIDIV Results DEST

- ∞        - F          - 0         + 0         + F          + ∞        NaN
- ∞          *           + 0          + 0         - 0         - 0            *          NaN
- F         + ∞        + F          + 0         - 0         - F          - ∞        NaN
- I         + ∞        + F          + 0         - 0         - F          - ∞        NaN
SRC    - 0         + ∞          **             *             *             **          - ∞        NaN
+ 0         - ∞          **             *             *             **          + ∞        NaN
+ I         - ∞        - F          - 0         + 0         + F          + ∞        NaN
+ F         - ∞        - F          - 0         + 0         + F          + ∞        NaN
+ ∞          *           - 0          - 0         + 0         + 0            *          NaN
NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       NaN       NaN        NaN       NaN

Operation

IF SRC = 0
THEN
#Z;
ELSE
IF Instruction is FIDIV
THEN
DEST := DEST / ConvertToDoubleExtendedPrecisionFP(SRC);
ELSE (* Source operand is floating-point value *)
DEST := DEST / SRC;
FI;
FI;
IF Instruction = FDIVP
THEN
PopRegisterStack;
FI;

Exceptions

Protected Mode Exceptions

#GP(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit. If the DS, ES, FS, or GS register contains a NULL segment selector. #SS(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the SS segment limit. #NM CR0.EM[bit 2] or CR0.TS[bit 3] = 1. #PF(fault-code) If a page fault occurs. #AC(0) If alignment checking is enabled and an unaligned memory reference is made while the current privilege level is 3. #UD If the LOCK prefix is used.

Real-Address Mode Exceptions

#GP If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit. #SS If a memory operand effective address is outside the SS segment limit. #NM CR0.EM[bit 2] or CR0.TS[bit 3] = 1. #UD If the LOCK prefix is used.

Virtual-8086 Mode Exceptions

#GP(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the CS, DS, ES, FS, or GS segment limit. #SS(0) If a memory operand effective address is outside the SS segment limit. #NM CR0.EM[bit 2] or CR0.TS[bit 3] = 1. #PF(fault-code) If a page fault occurs. #AC(0) If alignment checking is enabled and an unaligned memory reference is made. #UD If the LOCK prefix is used.

Compatibility Mode Exceptions

Same exceptions as in protected mode.

64-Bit Mode Exceptions

#SS(0) If a memory address referencing the SS segment is in a non-canonical form. #GP(0) If the memory address is in a non-canonical form. #NM CR0.EM[bit 2] or CR0.TS[bit 3] = 1. #MF If there is a pending x87 FPU exception. #PF(fault-code) If a page fault occurs. #AC(0) If alignment checking is enabled and an unaligned memory reference is made while the current privilege level is 3. #UD If the LOCK prefix is used. FDIV/FDIVP/FIDIV-Divide Vol. 2A 3-335